Minimizing Injuries and Enhancing Performance in Golf Through Training Programs

CONTEXT Golf is a popular sport, particularly in older populations. Regardless of age and skill level, golfers risk injury to the back, shoulder, wrist and hand, elbow, and knee. Because of the unique compressive, shear, rotational, and lateral bending forces created in the lumbar region during the golf swing, the primary sport-related malady experienced by amateurs and professionals is low back pain. Extrinsic and intrinsic injury risk factors have been reported in the literature. A growing body of evidence supports the prescription of strength training routines to enhance performance and reduce the risk of injury. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Relevant studies were reviewed on golf injuries, swing mechanics, training routines, and general training program design. The following electronic databases were used to identify research relevant to this report: MEDLINE (from 1950-November 2009), CINAHL (1982-November 2009), and SPORTDiscus (1830-November 2009). RESULTS Injuries may be associated with lack of warm-up, poor trunk flexibility and strength, faulty swing technique, and overuse. CONCLUSIONS Implementing a training program that includes flexibility, strength, and power training with correction of faulty swing mechanics will help the golfer reduce the likelihood of injury and improve overall performance.